Preheat your oven to 400°F (200°C).
In a bowl, whisk together balsamic vinegar, honey, Dijon mustard, olive oil, garlic powder, onion powder, salt, and pepper until well combined.
Place the chicken breasts in a large baking dish and pour half of the balsamic mixture over the chicken, ensuring it is well coated. Let it marinate for at least 15 minutes (or up to 2 hours in the refrigerator for more flavor).
While the chicken is marinating, prepare the vegetables. In a separate bowl, toss the cherry tomatoes, zucchini, and bell peppers with the remaining balsamic mixture.
After marinating, arrange the vegetables around the chicken in the baking dish.
Bake in the preheated oven for 25-30 minutes, or until the chicken is cooked through (internal temperature of 165°F) and the vegetables are tender.
Remove from the oven and let it rest for 5 minutes before serving. Garnish with fresh basil if desired.